沙糖桔配方施肥研究

[目的]为沙糖桔的高产、优质栽培提供理论指导。[方法]以3年生沙糖桔果树为供试对象,以传统习惯施肥为对照,研究有机、无机肥料不同配施方案对沙糖桔产量、Vc、总糖、还原糖含量和总酸度的影响。[结果]株施有机肥料6kg、化肥N 0．3kg、P2O5 0．1kg、K2O 0.55kg可显著提高沙糖桔的产量;株施有机肥料6kg、化肥N0．45kg、P2O5 0．2kg、K2O 0．4kg可显著提高沙糖桔的产量、极显著提高沙糖桔果实的蔗糖含量和糖酸比;各处理沙糖桔的Vc含量均高于对照。[结论]综合考虑各方面因素,沙糖桔的最佳施肥方案为：株施有机肥料6kg、无机肥料纯N 0．45kg、P2O5 0．2kg、K2O 0．4kg。     

中国柑橘黄龙病研究30年

综述了我国自1978年以来有关柑橘黄龙病的研究概况,包括柑橘黄龙病在我国的分布与危害、黄龙病寄主、病原研究、病害诊断与检测、传播途径与病害流行、防控技术等.     

常山胡柚天然色素的初步鉴定及其稳定性研究

以超临界CO2萃取得到的常山胡柚外果皮色素粗产品为原料,对其进行初步鉴定,并研究了pH值、温度、光照、金属离子、氧化还原剂等对常山胡柚天然色素稳定性的影响。结果表明;常山胡柚天然色素属于黄酮类物质,用NaNO2-Al(NO3)3比色法进行定量分析得知,色素液中含有黄酮类的量为2.01 g.L-1,该色素在碱性和中性溶液中较稳定,在酸性溶液中不稳定。光照、高温和氧化剂都会对该色素造成破坏;该色素能耐弱还原剂。低浓度Na 的存在会使最大吸光度增加,具有增色作用,高浓度Na 的存在能使最大吸光度降低。随着Zn2 浓度的增加,色素液的色泽明显变淡,吸光度急剧下降。Ca2 、Cu2 影响趋势基本一致,加入的离子浓度小于0.05 mol.L-1时,色素残存率缓慢下降;大于0.05 mol.L-1时,色素残存率有低幅增加趋势。Mg2 的加入会让色素残存率变小。     

柑桔衰退病毒基因组学研究进展

柑桔衰退病毒(CTV)是柑桔普遍存在的一种重要病毒病害,因其自身基因变异和寄主的不同而产生不同的症状,给防治CTV带来一定困难.为防治柑桔衰退病,需要研究CTV本身的相关特征.从CTV的基因组学上的特征综述了国内外在CTV基因组学最新的科研进展.     

广佛手保健含片的研制

研究了佛手保健含片的研制工艺,结果表明,新鲜广佛手切片后,经过70℃热水热烫3min,榨汁后静置过滤,加入1%的β-环状糊精,1%甘草,75%甜味剂,17%麦芽糊精和2.5%润湿剂,搅拌均匀并制成软材,然后在温度40℃下干燥20min,再添加0.5%硬脂酸镁,在压片机上压片,包装即得到成品。     

纽荷尔脐橙果实发育期叶片不同形态硼含量与缺硼的关系

以‘纽荷尔’脐橙为材料,连续两年研究了缺硼和正常（对照）叶片总硼和不同形态硼含量的动态变化。结果显示：1）在果实膨大期（花后120~160 d）,越冬老叶和春梢新叶的总硼含量均有一个显著下降的过程,且大部分时间里缺硼处理的比对照硼含量低;2）缺硼树越冬老叶的自由态硼和半束缚态硼含量在果实膨大期很低,对照较高;缺硼树越冬老叶在花后120~160 d束缚态硼含量较低,相对含量较高;3）缺硼和对照树春梢新叶的自由态硼和半束缚态硼含量比越冬老叶高,束缚态硼含量较越冬老叶低;缺硼树叶片的3种形态硼含量在花后140~160 d显著低于对照,且束缚态硼相对含量较高。就‘纽荷尔’脐橙叶片不同形态硼的动态与缺硼的生理机制进行了讨论。     

柑橘溃疡病发生与抗性研究进展

柑橘溃疡病对柑橘生产危害严重,被世界许多国家列为重要的检疫性病害。从柑橘溃疡病害发生、预报、抗性机制和抗性利用等方面主要综述了近年来中国对柑橘溃疡病研究取得的进展。对影响柑橘溃疡病发生的气候条件、不同柑橘种类或品种对溃疡病的抗性差异、组织结构及生理生化特性与抗性的关系等进行了探讨,最后指出存在问题并提出展望     

柑桔属植物进化与分类研究进展

柑桔是世界最重要的经济作物之一,在热带和亚热带地区广泛栽培。柑桔属（Citrus L.）植物的分类和进化问题是迄今没有解决的科学难题。回顾了现有的主要柑桔分类系统和柑桔分类与进化研究的方法,总结了过去10余年所取得的研究进展,旨在为今后的研究提供依据。     

Analysis of genetic variability in various tissue culture-derived lemon plant populations using RAPD and flow cytometry

Five populations of lemon plants [Citrus limon (L.) Burm] obtained from undeveloped ovules through different tissue culture procedures were examined for the presence of somaclonal and irradiation-induced genetic variation. Tested groups were: (1) nucellar seedlings; (2) organogenic, regenerated via adventitious buds from nucellar seedling internodes; (3) embryogenic population, regenerated from non-irradiated nucellar callus via somatic embryogenesis; (4) embryogenic population, regenerated from irradiated nucellar callus via somatic embryogenesis; and (5) protoplast-derived, regenerated via somatic embryogenesis. Genomic DNA samples from 360 plants (72 from each group) were screened for polymorphism among RAPD fingerprints amplified by 10 decamer primers. Among all tested plants, genetic variation was detected only within the group of plants recovered from irradiated embryogenic calli. Out of 72 plants from that group, three had RAPD fingerprints different from the rest of the population, and fourth plant was found to be cytochimeric, consisting of diploid and tetraploid cells as revealed by flow cytometry. In all other populations of regenerated plants, we did not come across any plants with changed ploidy level.     

Evaluation of citrus rootstocks for the high pH, calcareous soils of South Texas

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is one of the most devastating disease in areas where sweet orange or grapefruit are budded onto sour orange rootstock. In Texas, the citrus industry is located in the far south of the state in a high pH and calcareous soils region, which makes sour orange the best rootstock option. The Texas industry has been under a threat since the arrival in Florida and Mexico of the most efficient vector of CTV, the Brown Citrus Aphid. In an attempt to find a suitable replacement for sour orange rootstock a field trial was performed to evaluate 10 rootstocks with Rio Red grapefruit scion. Trees on C35 and Carrizo citranges, and Swingle citrumelo became very chlorotic and died. The other rootstocks also showed slight to severe chlorosis but were able to recover. C22 outperformed all rootstocks during the 6 years, producing more than 1.5 times the yield of sour orange, and ≈2-fold the production of Goutou which was the rootstock with the lowest production. Although significantly lower than C22, the cumulative production of trees on C57 and C146 rootstocks were excellent and their yearly fruit productions were similar to that of C22 in four (2001, 2003, 2004, and 2005) out of the 6 years of study. All three rootstocks originated from the same cross (Sunki mandarin × Swingle trifoliate orange). In all years, sour orange rootstock yielded the highest percentage of soluble solids (SS) and Troyer and Goutou rootstocks the lowest. Although the SS varied with rootstocks, the ratio of the SS and the percentage of acid did not significantly vary with rootstock type. Considering that C22, C57, and C146 are tolerant to CTV and other important diseases, these rootstocks are good options to replace Sour orange in Texas.